M80 (NGC 6093), one of the densest globular star clusters in the Milky Way galaxy is about 28,000 light-years from Earth and contains hundreds of thousands of stars, held together by gravitational attraction. Globular clusters are particularly useful for studying stellar evolution, since all of the stars in the cluster have the same age and cover a range of stellar masses. Especially obvious are the bright red giants, similar to the Sun in mass that are nearing the ends of their lives. Stellar collisions occur in dense stellar regions like the core of M80 and can result in the merger of two stars, producing an unusually massive single star.
M80 is also unusual because it was the site of a nova explosion in the year 1860. Nova outbursts occur when a close companion star transfers fresh hydrogen fuel to a burned-out white dwarf. Eventually the hydrogen ignites a thermonuclear explosion on the surface of the white dwarf, giving rise to the nova outburst. The ultraviolet Hubble observations have revealed the hot, faint remnant of this exploding star, which was named T Scorpii in the 19th century. Curiously, however, the WFPC2 observations have revealed only two other nova-like close binary stars in M80, far fewer than expected theoretically based on the stellar collision rate.
This high-resolution image was created from 2 separate pointings of HST. One WFPC2 data set was obtained by Francesco R. Ferraro (ESO, Bologna Obs.), Barbara Paltrinieri (U. La Sapienza), Robert T. Rood (U. Virginia), and Ben Dorman (Raytheon/STX), who study blue stragglers. The other data set was acquired by Michael Shara (STScI, AMNH), David Zurek (STScI), and Laurent Drissen (U. Laval) to search for dwarf novae.
Image Credit: Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/ STScI/ NASA)
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